The Middle Class’s Death by a Thousand Cuts

A Chinese lingchi execution, circa 1905. Source: Wikipedia

by James A. Bacon

Two items in the news today serve as a reminder of how the rules enacted by the American governing class benefit the rich, aid the poor, and tighten the screw on the middle class.

The new tax dodge. First, The Wall Street Journal describes the increasingly widespread tactic in which the super-wealthy borrow money at extremely low interest rates created by Federal Reserve Board monetary policy in order to avoid triggering the taxable event of cashing in capital gains. “You could buy a boat, you could go to Disney World, you could buy a company,” said one tax adviser. “The tax benefits are stunning.” The Journal describes the strategy as “Buy, Borrow, Die” — borrow money against stock holdings to pay for everything, and never pay income or capital-gains taxes. Ever.

The impact of super-low interest rates on the middle class is very different. The suckers and schmucks who pay taxes on their paychecks and manage to build a nest egg over a lifetime find themselves collecting near-zero interest on their bank CDs, money market funds, and treasury bills. While the super-wealthy borrow at near-zero rates to avoid taxes, middle-class Americans generate near-zero incomes on their savings — and get taxed on that miniscule income in the process!

This injustice is not a feature of “capitalism,” by the way. It’s the direct outgrowth of the Federal Reserve Bank’s manipulation of interest rates to further the interests of the governing class by subsidizing the world’s greatest debtor, the federal treasury.

Inflation. Second, you know that “temporary” blip in inflation due to the economic recovery from the COVID recession? Well, it might not be so temporary after all. Economists surveyed by the Wall Street Journal expect that “core” inflation (excluding volatile items such as food and energy) will be 3.2% a year from now — higher than the Fed’s 2% target (which is still confiscatory of wealth over the long run). They expect inflation to remain above-target into 2022 and 2023.

Inflation is inherently regressive. Wages, salaries and social security payments can play catch-up through cost-of-living escalators, but only after the fact. The rich, of course, have investment options that the middle-class retirees and salary men do not, not to mention a bigger financial buffer to protect their standard of living. At least middle-class Americans can afford the classic inflation hedge of owning their own house, which the poor and the young do not. Inflation will create a whole new set of social stresses and resentments, as if we don’t have enough already. 

Inflation, by the way, is not a product of “capitalism” either. It is the direct outgrowth of reckless fiscal and monetary policy.

There is nothing that Virginians can do at the level of state or local government to alter the facts of rising inflation and suppressed interest rates. But we can acknowledge that this is the new economic environment we’re operating in and try not to make things worse.

Inflation will increase the cost of operating state and local government… which will increase the pressure for new tax revenues.

Inflation will increase housing prices… which will mean higher property taxes.

Inflation will increase the cost of operating colleges and universities… which will increase the pressure to raise tuitions.

Meanwhile, the General Assembly has nickel-and-dimed Virginia’s middle class with endless increases in taxes, fees and green-energy charges. Acutely aware of the burdens of their policies on the poor, the governing class proposes palliatives for low-income Virginians such as free mass-transit fares, free community college, and subsidized electric bills. No such grace is given to the middle class.

The Chinese had a practice (banned in 1905) called “lingchi,” often translated as “death by a thousand cuts” — a form of execution by slow, lingering torture. Lingchi, like American lynchings, were a public spectacle. But the subjection of Americans to a thousand economic cuts is often so opaque that people can’t see what’s happening. Adding literal insult to injury, the governing class never ceases to tell middle-class Americans how racist, selfish, and benighted they are.

The current state of affairs cannot possibly end well.


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Comments

21 responses to “The Middle Class’s Death by a Thousand Cuts”

  1. LarrytheG Avatar
    LarrytheG

    Does this mean you’ve now rejected your “boomergeddon” idea?

    1. DJRippert Avatar
      DJRippert

      As Jim wrote in Boomergeddon ….

      When Bill Clinton gave his farewell address in 2001 the US national debt was $5.7 trillion. By 2010 it had swelled to $13 trillion. The Obama Administration predicted (in 2010) that the national debt would be $20 billion by 2020. In fact, the national debt was $26.9 trillion in 2020.

      Meanwhile, most of the Boomers have yet to reach Medicare age.

      Now we’re looking at a period of rising inflation.

      Exactly as Jim predicted with Boomergeddon.

      Like Orwell, Jim’s big problem was his timing rather than his prediction of the future. We’re living in Orwell’s “1984” right now. We’ll see how long it takes for us to get into “full Boomergeddon”.

      Seems to me that it is inevitable.

      1. LarrytheG Avatar
        LarrytheG

        The Trump tax cuts are paid for by selling more treasury notes – but hardly a whimper from Conservatives, who have claimed they are fiscal conservatives and deficit hawks… all gone now.

    2. Stephen Haner Avatar
      Stephen Haner

      Not sure where you are going with that, but that happens…:) I’m sure you will use another half dozen comments to expand.

      This issue could and should be a focus in this political year, and I guess there is still time, but it seems the “professionals” are ignoring the 45-day early voting schedule and still think Labor Day is the time for serious issue content. I’ve been pointing out as many of those “cuts” as I can, but hard to get heard amidst the continued uproar over other issues.

      Plenty of folks get rich off a certain level of inflation, especially if they enjoy low interest rates on existing debt. Plenty of others didn’t live through the 70s or were too young to notice double digit price increases and mortgages. I read the WSJ piece about the special interest rates brokerages are offering customers as a way to prevent them from reducing their portfolios, and I can see an easy IRS tweak on that one that would slow that down. If Republicans took the lead on shutting that down, would heads explode among their base? I think not….but they would among their donors.

      1. LarrytheG Avatar
        LarrytheG

        Might want to review what the central premise of Boomergeddon was and yes tax policy has a lot to do with deficits.

      2. James Wyatt Whitehead Avatar
        James Wyatt Whitehead

        I think Steve is right about early voting. I know a number of people who are very aware that they can vote on September 18th. If Terri and Glenn want those votes they need to seriously campaign starting now.

  2. DJRippert Avatar
    DJRippert

    Really?

    Let’s start with “buy, borrow, die”. That is an extremely hard thing to do in practice. First, you can only pay “no taxes” if you hold the same equities that pay no dividends. Try to build a long tern diversified portfolio without receiving dividends. Try to maintain good returns without ever selling shares of a given stock. Finally, you will eventually die and your holdings will be taxed on your heirs.

    Inflation actually makes “buy, borrow, die” harder to do. First, inflation increases the cost of money which makes borrowing more expensive. Second, the growth stocks that are required for a “buy, borrow, die” portfolio are the first to get hit by higher inflation as they can’t justify their high P/E ratios in an inflationary environment.

    Finally, why do you think people in the middle class can’t buy stocks? mortgaging a house in a low interest rate environment allows for capital that can be invested in the stock market. Meanwhile, subject to limits, interest on a mortgage is deductible.

    Your post basically says, “middle class people are economically inept”. I don’t think that is true.

    1. Stephen Haner Avatar
      Stephen Haner

      My old man in the later stages of his life had the wherewithal to invest but never did. Holdover from the Depression apparently. My brother and I finally got him to do it with a bit of his cash, but it was in late 2007….and we got “I told you so” for the next couple years.

      But you are correct that the opportunity is there, and also correct the “buy, borrow and die” strategy is not always wise. My big problem when I read the story was the special below-market interest rates it seemed they were getting. Them that’s got shall get….

      1. DJRippert Avatar
        DJRippert

        The “below market interest rates” claim seems like a misnomer. Public equities are extremely liquid assets. When those assets are pledged to back a loan it is “at market” relative to the risk. Maybe there are minimums involved that put such loans out of reach for the middle class.

    2. Nancy Naive Avatar
      Nancy Naive

      Unless, like Mitt Romney, Peter Thiel, et al, you manage to have Roth IRAs that are worth $50M+.

      Not a bad trick since they have contribution limits that were around $2000 for like 10 of their 25 years of existence.

      FYI, that money is not part of his estate and passes untaxed to the beneficiaries.

  3. Nancy Naive Avatar
    Nancy Naive

    Ain’t no such thing as a “middle class loophole”. They just don’t have the clout.

    1. Stephen Haner Avatar
      Stephen Haner

      Home interest deduction. SALT deduction. Both important in creating and preserving the home equity that is the bedrock of the middle class. The standard deduction increase I’d love to see is mainly for the wage-earning and small business folks. I’m not doing it for the rich folks.

      1. DJRippert Avatar
        DJRippert

        Nobody should have any deductions. The tax rates should be simple. An individual tax return should be no more than 2 pages long.

        Tax deductions, for both individuals and corporations, do more harm than good.

        1. DJRippert Avatar
          DJRippert

          Not sure how he did that. In 2021, the income limit for contributing to a Roth IRA is $140,000 for individuals and $208,000 for couples. Thiel and Romney are well past those numbers. Beyond that, you can only contribute $6,000 per year to a Roth IRA unless you are over 50. In that case you can contribute $7,000 per year.

          I can only assume that Romney and Thiel somehow built those balances before the current rules were in force. Probably through two means:

          1. Using provisions of TIPRA to transfer IRA funds into Roth IRA funds, and …

          2. Legally undervaluing the partnership interests they transferred.

          As I said previously, nobody should have any tax deductions.

  4. Dick Hall-Sizemore Avatar
    Dick Hall-Sizemore

    A couple of your comments regarding the Fed caught my eye. First, you complain about the Fed “manipulating” interest rates. One of the roles of the Fed is to try to maintain maximum employment and a stable economy. One major tool to accomplish this goal is to adjust interest rates.

    Next, you assert the the Fed’s 2 percent inflation rate is “confiscatory”. Most economists consider 2 percent an “ideal” inflation rate, although some argue for higher rates of inflation. The more you go below 2 percent, the closer you get to a stagnant economy. https://www.economicshelp.org/blog/2114/inflation/optimal-inflation-rate/

    It sounds like you would like the Fed to abandon any control over interest rates and let interest rates and inflation go where they will. In other words, the Fed should just abandon its statutory mandate to maximize employment and stabilize prices.

  5. Bruce at Liberty Avatar
    Bruce at Liberty

    Americans for Tax Reform – the Grover Norquist group that administers the “no new taxes pledge” (Youngkin has signed) pushes for a tax change so that capital gains that are purely the result of inflation would no longer be taxed. I think this involves something like applying a Cost of Living Increase to the “basis” or original appraisL or acquisition value. Proponents say such a change would not even require legislation, just a redefinition of Treasury regulations, and could even be enacted by Executive Order. One of the things Trump supporters wanted him to do that he did not.

    1. Stephen Haner Avatar
      Stephen Haner

      Stand by for a shocking statement from a tax policy wonk for a conservative group: The tax code already provides too many avenues for the wealthy that shove the true cost of government off on the middle and lower income taxpayers. Capital formation is a valid goal for tax policy, but not wealth preservation. For primary residences, you get one opportunity to reap those inflation-created gains, as I recall, but not sure I should get that on my Vanguard accounts.

      1. Dick Hall-Sizemore Avatar
        Dick Hall-Sizemore

        Good for you, Steve.

        If one is going to index capital gains, why not index regular income. What is the difference? For that matter, why should capital gains be treated any differently than ordinary income?

        1. LarrytheG Avatar
          LarrytheG

          I agree. Never understood why it’ treated differently.

      2. LarrytheG Avatar
        LarrytheG

        you mean like those tuition tax credits? 😉

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