More Pavement or Smarter Traffic Lights. You choose.

Virginia has experimented with traffic light synchronization for many years with some success. Sequencing has had a dramatic impact upon congestion, for instance, in the heavily traveled U.S. 29 corridor north of Charlottesville. But the state is far from tapping the full potential of the technology. Traffic light sequencing is not deployed in all the situations in which it could help, and when it is deployed, it often relies upon outdated technology.

Installing cameras, sensors, wireless and Artificial Intelligence would enable traffic signals to adapt continually as a system to changing traffic conditions without the need for intensive human input.

The video above [since deleted — editor], created by Rhythm Engineering, describes a case study in which its technology has reduced average travel time along a congested, 12-stoplight corridor in Lake Summit, Mo. by half. The technology costs a tiny fraction of what it would have cost to widen roads, build bypasses or otherwise pursue an asphalt-centered solution to the congestion. Assert Rhythm’s website:

Just ten years ago, most U.S. cities and states resisted adaptive traffic control systems that changed traffic lights based on actual demand because they were expensive, time-consuming to set up, and did little to alleviate congestion. The rise and rapid spread of InSync proved that the right approach to adaptive traffic control can dramatically improve traffic flow and safety. Motorists driving on InSync corridors typically see their stops reduced 60-90 percent, travel times reduced up to 50 percent, and fuel consumption and emissions reduced 20-30 percent. Most importantly, police reports from multiple states prove that InSync reduces vehicle accidents up to 30 percent.

Even if Rhythm is engaging in puffery, dynamic sequencing of traffic lights would offer a higher Return on Investment in many instances than widening roads and adding lanes. I’m certainly not endorsing Rhythm’s InSync technology over that of its competitors. And I’m not saying the technology should be applied at every intersection. But I am suggesting that the Virginia Department of Transportation should take a closer look at applying state-of-the-art sequencing technology at every intersection where it’s considering more pavement as a fix.

Advanced synchronization technology costs around $30,000 to $40,000 per stoplight to install. Entire traffic corridors can be upgraded for a few million dollars. The ROI is potentially so superior that it’s almost criminal to spend tens of millions on conventional remedies. If the McDonnell administration doesn’t initiate a re-evaluation of Virginia’s Six Year Improvement Program, government, business and civic leaders should insist upon it.

— JAB


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  1. DJRippert Avatar
    DJRippert

    Bacon gets it!

    Kind of.

    The technology is not only going to provide a huge ROI, it could pay for itself in tickets to those who run red lights, I’d bet. And I don’t give a rat’s ass about “Big Brother”. Speeding a bit – fine. Changing lanes without a signal? Not so clever but no so bad. Running red lights? Pay your ticket, scofflaw.

    Now, where Bacon doesn’t get it.

    Asking that the one term, four year McDonnell Administration initiate a re-evaluation of Virginia’s Six Year Improvement Program.

    Jim, that one term governor thing-y is killing us here. The first year is needed to get started. The last year is a search for the “next thing”. That leaves two years of governance.

    Meanwhile, the permanent clowns in the Clown Show (i.e. the General Assembly) have no term limits of any kind.

    You can’t blame a one term, four year governor for much of anything. You can’t really blame a judiciary that must be appointed and re-appointed by the GA for much of anything. You can’t blame localities that can’t even decide how high the grass can grow in their counties for much of anything. That leaves ….

    The corrupt, non-competitive, frozen in amber General Assembly.

    Sorry, Jimbo – but you need to start confronting the massive failures in Virginia’s governance structure if you have any hope of making any progress on Virginia’s massive impending problems.

    http://scottsurovell.blogspot.com/2012/01/dillon-rule-height-of-grass.html

  2. You’re right, Virginia’s governance system is designed to be conservative — as in, to slow the pace of change. As we experience increasing dysfuncation across a wide array of fundamental institutions (education, health care, transportation, land use, economic development, etc.) the goveranance system is less and less suited to the tenor of the times.

    But if it’s too easy for vested interests to shut down movements to reform our existing institutions, won’t it be just as easy to shut down any effort to reform the uber-institution, the governance structure?

    Let’s say you and I agree that we need to change the governance structure. How do we do that? The Business As Usual crowd will block any effort to change the governance structure, too.

    Maybe we can be really sly and not tell them *why* we want to change the governance structure… kind of sneak up on them. But won’t that make it difficult to get the public behind us? Why change the system unless you’ve got some bigger goal in mind?

    1. DJRippert Avatar
      DJRippert

      You’ve hit the nail on the head. Changing and entrenched governance system will be nearly impossible. But I do say, “nearly”. If I had $180M I believe I could change the system in a couple of years (more on that at a later date). However, I don’t have $180M to spend on changing Virginia’s governance system.

      So, what’s the next best plan?

      It starts with education and repetition. How many Virginians know that Virginia is the ONLY state where the governor can’t serve two consecutive terms? How many Virginians know that Virginia is one of only two states that let practicing attorneys in the state legislature vote to appoint the judges who will decide their cases? How many Virginians know that Virginia is the state with the most onerous process for getting on the ballot? How many Virginians know that Virginia has the least competitive state legislature elections of any state? How many Virginians know that Virginia has 39 of America’s 42 independent cities? How many Virginians know that Virginia is only one of two (as I recall) states which hold off-year elections?

      The list goes on.

      Eventually, one has to believe that all these “outlier conditions” can’t just be coincidence. One eventually must decide that it is either stupefying incompetence or some kind of conspiracy.

      But … the first task is education.

      The second step is crisis and that will take care of itself. I am telling you for a fact that the defense industry in Northern Virginia is evaporating like a puddle in July. I get multiple calls a week now from my commercial space realtor to look are newly vacant office space. At least 2/3rds have the obvious configurations of defense contractors – SCIFs, floor to ceiling vaults with cyber-locks, shredder rooms. Only the government can grow as fast as the defense / intelligence community grew from 2001 to 2011. And only the government can shrink that fast. No industry will surge into the void left by these departures. Meanwhile, rural and small town Virginia are mired in the economic doldrums, Tidewater will fare no better than NoVa.

      The crisis will happen.

      And when it does, people will look for who to blame (as always).

      Let’s make it easy for people. Let’s pre-identify the guilty. Let’s point our collective fingers where they should be pointed – at the governance structure in Virginia and the “all too powerful” General Assembly.

      Then, when the crisis is upon us, the guilty will be known.

      From there, it’s a matter of having some pre-considered alternatives.

      How should the governance structure be changed?
      How should we clip the wings of the General Assembly?
      What role should Virginia’s citizens play in direct democracy?

      A crisis precipitates anti-incumbency.

      BaconsRebellion needs to be a handbook for the outsiders and rebels who will appear not just to challenge the Imperial Clown Show but to tear it down, plow salt into its fields and render it lifeless for centuries to come.

      2015 is my prediction for the election that will permanently wipe out the “Old Virginia” and usher in the “New Virginia”. All Delegates and all state Senators are up for re-election. They will meet in early 2016 and start the process for a new Virginia Constitution.

      Let’s hope some well meaning pundits have been doing some thinking ahead of that date …..

  3. larryg Avatar

    how did we get from adaptive signalization to governance?

    on synchronization, a couple of thoughts.

    first, it’s what people want. They don’t mind waiting their turn when traffic is heavy; what drives them nuts is sitting at a left turn light with no oncoming traffic and sitting there until oncoming traffic shows up and their light turns red and the left turn light turns green. People want smart signals.

    on the synch – there are two flavors. One operates pre-programmed using historical data – surprisingly better than “dumb” signalization but still vulnerable to traffic that is not the norm – special events, unusually heavy from other incidents, etc.

    the holy grail is adaptive synchronization but it’s more sophisticated computerization than typical DOT road technology and as such old dog engineers are out of their element in designing and implementing, maintaining and tweaking such systems.

    One of the problems is that adaptive signalization can result in varying length signals. One time it goes green for 30 seconds..another time for 5 seconds. People are used to signals operating the same way every time and with adaptive signalization, the “benefit” means grabbing random idle seconds to scoot you through when ordinarily you’d wait.

    until people get used to this – it could lead to increased accidents though with DJ’s idea of red light cameras (which I support) it might tamp down the scofflaws a bit.

    On Governance in Va, I’ve talked to several members of the General Assembly on the idea of letting Virginians directly vote on some issues that they can initiate themselves via petitions and the long and short of it is that this is never going to happen in Va unless we throw out most of the existing GA and replace them with ones that would agree to citizen initiated referenda.

    ain’t going to happen…

    1. DJRippert Avatar
      DJRippert

      Oh sure it will … after the elections of 2015.

    2. TheTimWelsh Avatar
      TheTimWelsh

      larryg you make good points. Rhythm Engineering’s InSync system does adjust to real-time traffic conditions, it’s not using pre-programmed historical data. The beauty of InSync is that it works with existing computerization and detection (though cameras are provided for detection) and Rhythm Engineering provides the training needed to learn the system.

      And while it may sound like drivers will have issue getting used to the timing of the signals, there is testimonial and studies to the fact that majority of drivers don’t have a problem getting used to the new timing and that the number of accidents are reduced when the system is installed.

  4. larryg Avatar

    Hey DJ.. suppose citizens got the right to initiate referenda and the first one to increase the gas tax.

    What would be the outcome and who would you blame them?

    1. DJRippert Avatar
      DJRippert

      As you have often tried to articulate – local and regional roads are local and regional problems. So, if the funding for almost all roads in Virginia was decentralized then your suggestion would make sense.`

      Let’s say there was a Northern Virginia transportation board with teeth. And let’s say that board got a referendum on the ballot about raising the gas tax in Northern Virginia. The first thing I’d suggest would be a second referendum. Namely, whether the people of Northern Virginia want to continue to provide subsidies to the rest of the state. The two are inter-related.

      My guess is that the gas tax would be approved and the subsidy measure would fail.

      However, your question is what I’d do if the gas tax measure failed.

      I’d sell my house in NoVa and live in my house in Maryland.

      I’ve already pretty much given up on hiring people in NoVa. The young, talented people who are here want to get out because of the traffic chaos and you can’t lure new people in.

      I live here because I grew up here. For the first 27 years of my life the General Assembly was not The Imperial Clown Show in Richmond. Then, the moneyed interests in Richmond took control of the state – whether Jim Bacon likes that characterization or not. For the last 26 years the state has been on a downward slide – propped up only by accelerating federal spending. Decelerate the spending and the slide becomes a free fall. If Virginians aren’t willing to bootstrap the state by backhanding the Clown Show across the face then all is lost.

  5. Frank Wolf got a federal appropriation of c. $1 M for VDOT to start synchronizing lights on Route 7 from Loudoun County to Tysons. My recollection is VDOT never even got the money, much less synchronized lights.
    VDOT is famous for making a light green, moving a large number of cars to the next intersection, only to face a red light. VDOT doesn’t get this at all.
    VDOT needs to hire some telecom engineers to develop and implement at least a semi-dynamic traffic light network.

  6. larryg Avatar

    dynamic network traffic control ( as opposed to manual historic traffic sequencing of a string of signals including side roads) is probably where we are headed but the discipline is not traditional highway engineering and is more akin to computer science (but still requires traffic engineers) for the physical plant.

    Every road has to have many more sensors put in it or above it – like those you’d see right at a signal – they need sensors well before the signal so they can sense not only cars at the light itself but how many are “stacked” and how far back from the light and how many more are headed toward the light, i.e. how fast they are “stacking”. Then you have to do that for all the roads including the side roads in that area. Then you have a computer algorithm that sorts through the data and spits out a sequence program tailored to that traffic profile that will decide (for instance) WHEN a side road or left turn light when go green and for how long.

    One of the first things people notice is that at rush hour the mainline gets priority and side roads stack and wait times are longer than if there was no sequencing.

    The people who know how to do this are not your traditional transportation PE and that’s one reason why it’s taken so long to start doing this. It was not taught in engineering schools and most engineers not of recent vintage are “old school” when it comes to signalization.

    Even now, there are a limited number of people who are actual certified experts.

    A prime opportunity for those seeking a job! And this illustrates the challenge of our school system. In order to do this job you have to understand serious math, serious technology, and know how to use those disciplines to deal with real world conditions. The US and Virginia rank about 29th in Math and Science achievement levels in the world and as a result a lot of the folks that do these jobs have foreign surnames.

  7. larryg Avatar

    re: referendum and local/regional responsibility.

    No one said that the ONLY funding for roads for ANY locality should be the sole responsibility of the state no matter how much funding was involved or how much the locality itself generated in gas taxes.

    The ONLY “subsidy” that I know of is education and that’s the same in virtually every state ever since the SCOTUS ruled that states have to provide each child with an equal opportunity for education.

    The fact that you continue to cite this as an “unfair” subsidy shows just how irresponsible the folks are who say this really are.

    If Fairfax and NoVa want more roads, they are entitled to two things:

    1. – they are entitled to what they actually collect in gas taxes – state and fed and I’ve never seen any evidence to support that they do not.

    2. – they’re entitled to referenda to build more roads to be paid for with a variety of options available to NoVa – including tolls and taxes.

    continuing to blame NoVa’s problems on Richmond is not only silly, its basically irresponsible.

  8. Fairfaxcat Avatar
    Fairfaxcat

    Your problem is oversignalization. Virginia has more traffic lights per non-intercity-mile than any other state in America. AND VDOT (Richmond knows best) actually has a policy against blinking yellow EVEN at 2 AM when nobody is on the road and you’re sitting at a piss-poorly timed red-light for NO REASON and you’re the only one on the street!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
    And how ’bout when VDOT actually does do a grade separated intersection? It either builds a massive Cadilac-style interchange (when a Ford will save money for other intersections) AND finds a way to defeat the whole purpose of grade-separated intersections by also adding red lights at those SAME intersections where none existed before. I have seen VDOT play out this latter scenario over and over throughout suburban Washington. Finally (and back to VDOT’s piss-poor timing of these lights), one car coming off many if not most side streets and roads almost IMMEDIATELY trips the red light on the main street or road. I have often seen the red light collect 40 or 50 cars to accomodate one lonely car making its way into the intersection–often NOT EVEN CROSSING the intersection–from a new big box store “parking” street or whatever. Call me. Greg Carroll (703)282-8359

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